Rhea A. Ashmore, Chair

The Department of Curriculum and Instruction offers the Bachelor of Arts in Education degree and certification/licensure in elementary education and in business education. As well, it offers certification/licensure in a wide range of secondary programs for students who are earning or already have completed the baccalaureate degree in their chosen field(s) of interest. At the graduate level, the department offers the master's and doctoral degrees in curriculum and instruction. Programmatic themes across all levels include integration of instruction, collaborative learning, and respect for the individual.

Graduate Programs

The department offers the Master of Education (M.Ed.) in curriculum and instruction. Students select from one of the following options: curriculum studies, elementary education, instructional design for technology, library-media services, literacy education, secondary education, and special education. Students may earn the master's degree in combination with requirements for certification/licensure at the elementary, middle, and secondary levels. This option is explained further below. The department also offers the Doctor of Education (Ed.D.) in curriculum and instruction. Information about these programs is available from the department office and in the UM Graduate Programs and Admissions Catalog.

Teacher Preparation

Students preparing to teach in elementary school complete a major in elementary education. Prior to admission to the Teacher Education Program, usually at the end of the sophomore year, students are considered pre-education majors and are advised by the Academic Advising Office. Upon admission to the program, students are considered elementary education majors and are advised within the department. Students preparing to teach business education at the middle and high school level complete a major in education and are advised within the department. Students preparing to teach any other subject at the middle or high school level will major in the subject area(s) they wish to teach, e.g., English or mathematics. They are advised within their major department and, upon admission to the Teacher Education Program, they also are advised within the Department of Curriculum and Instruction. All secondary certification students seek admission to the Teacher Education Program, usually at the end of the sophomore year, and complete course work required for certification/licensure in their chosen field(s). Applicants for state certification/licensure must: (1) satisfy all course, credit, and degree requirements as outlined below; (2) pass a standardized test as outlined below; and (3) be at least 18 years of age.

Master's Degree and Secondary Certification back to top

Degree-holding students may elect to apply to the department's Graduate Program and combine the master's degree in curriculum and instruction (curriculum studies option) with certification/licensure to teach. This option is available to elementary, middle, and high school teacher candidates only.

At the secondary level, the program may be completed in a summer-autumn-spring-summer sequence provided the student has completed previously most of the content courses listed on the following pages by subject area. At the elementary level, the program typically takes two years.

Admission to the Teacher Education Program

All students seeking certification/licensure to teach apply for admission to the Teacher Education Program. Admission is limited each academic year to approximately 125 elementary and 125 secondary candidates. Deadlines for application are September 15 and February 15. To be eligible for admission a student must have (1) completed 30 semester credits of college-level work; (2) attained a minimum cumulative grade point average (GPA) of 2.75, including all transfer credits; (3) achieved passing scores on one of the following tests from the Educational Testing Service (ETS): Praxis I Academic Skills: PreProfessional Basic Skills Test (PPST); Praxis I Academic skills: Computer Based Test (CBT); or Graduate Record Exam (GRE); and (4) earned at least a C in both an English composition course and an introductory psychology course. In application to the Teacher Education Program, students submit an essay writing sample, document formal experiences working with children and youth, and present recommendations from two faculty members who are familiar with their work as students. Applicants should note that meeting minimum eligibility requirements does not assure acceptance into the Teacher Education Program. The CBT and GRE may now be taken on demand on the UM campus through the UM Testing Service, 243-6257. The Teacher Education Policy Packet that contains the policy handbook and the application is available from the UC Bookstore.

Once admitted, students must maintain a minimum GPA of 2.75 each semester in order to continue in the program. Students who interrupt their studies for more than two years will be placed on inactive status and must request reactivation in order to resume their studies.

Students seeking a K-12 endorsement in library media, literacy, or special education must have full admission into the Teacher Education Program or already be a certified/licensed teacher before applying to one of these specialized programs.

Admission Policy for Minority Students and Students with Disabilities

The Teacher Education Program is committed to providing opportunities for teacher preparation for members of groups that historically have been disadvantaged and subject to discrimination. The criteria for admission are the same for members of racial, ethnic and other minorities, and students with disabilities as for other candidates; however, exceptions may be made to those admission requirements. Candidates who do not meet one or more of the criteria for admission are encouraged to describe in their applications any special circumstances and/or special talents that may compensate for unmet criteria. The physical, social, economic, and cultural circumstances that may have influenced the candidate's ability to achieve minimum eligibility for admission will be considered. A special effort will be made to determine the candidate's abilities and potential to overcome disadvantage or discrimination and become a successful beginning teacher. Upon entry to the program, the student will be assigned an advisor as a mentor. The student and mentor will design an appropriate course of study to achieve progress toward the degree and/or certification/licensure.

Application for Student Teaching back to top

At the end of the junior year, students should begin planning for student teaching. Students must meet the following criteria to be eligible to student teach: (1) full admission into the Teacher Education Program; (2) a grade of C or above in courses required for certification; (3) a minimum cumulative GPA of 2.75 and 2.75 in each field of certification/licensure; and (4) consent of the Director of Field Experiences. Any exception to the requirements fro student teaching will be considered on a petition basis. In addition, elementary education majors must have completed the required courses in methods of elementary teaching, and secondary students must have completed their methods course and at least two thirds of the courses in their teaching field(s). Recommendation from the departments in the major and/or minor fields is also a prerequisite to student teaching. Candidates for K 12 certification/licensure must student teach at both elementary and secondary levels. Applications for student teaching are contained in the Student Teaching Packet available in the UC Bookstore. Consult the Teacher Education Policy Handbook for application deadlines and procedures. Internships and practicums in library media, literacy, and special education do not substitute for the student teaching semester required for certification in a subject field.

Native American Studies Course Requirement

Students preparing for certification/licensure in all programs are required to complete a minimum of one course in Native American Studies. Students also may choose ANTH 323H, Indians of Montana, to meet this requirement.

Elementary Education Degree and Certification/Licensure
Requirements (Grades K-8)

To qualify for the Montana elementary teaching certificate/license, candidates must earn a baccalaureate degree from the University or other approved institution of higher education. The degree in elementary education requires a minimum of 128 credits. Students must complete all specific requirements listed below with a grade of "C" or better. None of these courses may be taken as pass/not pass except where that is the only grading option.

Elementary education students must complete a 12-credit area of concentration, selected from one of the following six elementary curriculum categories: (1) English/language arts, including reading/literary analysis; (2) fine arts; (3) health and human performance; (4) mathematics; (5) science; and (6) social science. Degree-holding students and transfer students should seek advice about the substitution of course work completed in a previous major or minor.

The Upper-division Writing Expectation must be met by successfully completing an upper-division writing course from the approved list in the Academic Policies and Procedures section of this catalog. See index. C&I 318, Teaching Language and Literacy and C&I 407E, Ethics and Policy Issues, will satisfy this requirement.

Information regarding the options and requirements for the 12-credit area of concentration and all other elementary education degree and certification requirements are outlined in the Teacher Education Policy Handbook. The Policy Handbook and Application to the Teacher Education Program are available in the UC Bookstore.

Students who are interested in preparing to teach K-3 are encouraged to take C&I 330 Early Childhood Education; those who are interested in preparing to teach 4-8 are encouraged to take PSYC 240S Child and Adolescent Development.

Curriculum for Elementary Education back to top

First and Second Years	Credits
ENEX 101	3
SCI 225N, 226N General Science	10
HHP 233 Health Issues of Children and Adolescents	3
PSYC 100S Introduction to Psychology	4
PSC 100S Introduction to American Government	3
HIST 269 Montana and the West	3
GEOG 101S Introduction to Human Geography OR GEOG 103S World Regional Geography	3
MATH 130 131 Math for Elementary Teachers	9
SCI 350 Environmental Perspectives	2
Selected history course (HIST 151 or 152 recommended)	3-4
Selected literature course	3-4
Native American Studies course	3
Current Standard First Aid and CPR certificates OR HHP 288/289	0-3
Area of concentration	12
Lower-division writing course	3
Third and Fourth Years
*Block I:
C&I 202 Exploring Teaching ghrough Field Experiences	1
C&I 203 Educational Psychology and Measurements	3
C&I 306 Instructional Media and Computer Applications	3
C&I 410 Exceptionality and Classroom Management	3
*Block II:
C&I 300 or 301 Field Experience	1
C&I 316 Children's Literature and Critical Reading	3
C&I 318 Teaching Language Arts K-8	3
*Block III:
C&I 400 or 401 Field Experience	1
C&I 402 Teaching Mathematics K-8	3
C&I 403 Teaching Social Studies K-8	3
C&I 404 Teaching Science K-8	3
C&I 405 Teaching Reading K-8	3
ART 314A Elementary School Art	3
DAN 327 Dance in Elementary Education	2
DRAM 327 Drama in Elementary Education	2
HHP 339 Instructional Strategies in Elementary Health and Physical Education	3
MUS 335 Music Education in the Elementary School	3
C&I 407E Ethics and Policy Issues	3
C&I 481 Student Teaching: Elementary	14
C&I 494 Professional Portfolio	1
Electives and General Education	0-3

*Students enroll concurrently in the courses listed as "blocked" in each of three professional semesters. They add other courses as desired or necessary to complete a full semester course load. This blocked format allows for integration of curriculum, modeling of cooperative learning and collaborative teaching, and corresponding developmental field experiences.

Secondary Teaching Certification/Licensure Requirements(Grades 5-12)

To qualify for the Montana secondary teaching certificate/license, candidates must possess a degree in the subject area they plan to teach at the middle or high school level and complete requirements for the teaching major/minor in their chosen field(s). If the candidate's major does not qualify as a single-field endorsement, he or she also must complete requirements for a teaching minor. Candidates in Business and Information Technology Education complete a major in education (see this secondary option below). All prospective middle and secondary teachers are advised to complete certification in more than one teaching field, even if the chosen field qualifies as a single-field endorsement such as English or mathematics. The University reserves the right to modify course requirements listed. Students should seek advising from both the degree-granting departments and the Department of Curriculum & Instruction.

A University recommendation for certification/licensure to teach in accredited schools in Montana requires the following:

1. The baccalaureate degree from the University (minimum 128 credits) or another accredited institution of higher education.
2. Completion of an English composition course, an introduction to psychology course, and a Native American studies course.
3. Completion of HHP 233, Health Issues of Children and Adolescents or equivalent, and current standard first-aid and CPR cards..
4. Completion of the professional education course work: C&I 200, 303, 306, 407E, 410, 427 (or ENT 440), appropriate methods course(s) with co-requisite field experience (301/302), and student teaching.
5. Preparation in one or more specific subject areas that are part of the middle and high school curriculum. See options available under Course Requirements in Major and Minor Teaching Fields that follow. Single field endorsements include: art, biology, business education, chemistry, English, French, general science, German, health and human performance, mathematics, music, social sciences, and Spanish. All other teaching majors require a teaching minor or a second teaching major.
6. Completion of all requirements outlined above with a grade of C or better; completion of all requirements outlined above for a traditional letter grade except where P/NP is the only grading option.

Information regarding certification requirements are explained further in the Teacher Education Policy Handbook. The Policy Handbook and Application to the Teacher Education Program are available in the UC Bookstore.

Curriculum for Secondary Certification/Licensure back to top

First and Second Years	Credits
ENEX 101	3
PSYC 100S Introduction to Psychology	4
HHP 233 Health Issues of Children and Adolescents	3
Current Standard First Aid and CPR certificates or HHP 288/289	0-3
Native American Studies course	3
Electives, General Education and/or Courses in Major and/or Minor Teaching Field(s)	Variable
Third and Fourth Years
*Block I:
C&I 200 Exploring Teaching through Field Experiences	1
C&I 303 Educational Psychology and Measurements	3
C&I 306 Instructional Media and Computer Applications	3
C&I 410 Exceptionality and Classroom Management	3
Block II:
C&I 301 or 302 Field Experience	1
C&I 427 Literacy Strategies in Content Areas OR ENT 440 Teaching Reading and Writing Acrossthe Curriculum**	3
Teaching field(s) methods course(s)	Variable
C&I 407E Ethics and Policy Issues	3
C&I 482 Student Teaching: Secondary	14
C&I 494 Professional Portfolio	1
Electives, General Education and/or Courses in Major and/or Minor Teaching Field(s)	Variable

* Students are encouraged to enroll concurrently in the courses listed as "blocked" in each of two professional semesters. They add other courses as desired or necessary to complete a full semester course load. This blocked format allows for integration of curriculum, modeling of cooperative learning and collaborative teaching, and corresponding developmental field experiences. Block scheduling is not required.

**English teaching majors and minors must take ENT 440.

Certification/Licensure in Library Media: The library media program is designed to prepare library media specialists for K 12 settings. To be eligible for library media certification/licensure students must meet the teacher certification requirements as well as complete a minimum of 25 credits in the following required courses: C&I 316, 470, 479, 480, 483, 484, and 598.

Certification/Licensure in Reading: The reading program is designed to enhance the diagnostic and instructional skills of K 12 classroom teachers and remedial reading teachers. The program follows the philosophy of the International Reading Association. The undergraduate reading minor requires the following courses: C&I 316, 318, 405, 427, 433, 435, and 437.

Certification/Licensure in Special Education: The Special Education program prepares teachers to work with children with disabilities in Special Education and inclusive settings. To be eligible for a K 12, non categorical endorsement in the State of Montana, students accepted into the program must complete the following courses: C&I 357, 433, 457, 459, 463, 469. Students complete C&I 357 prior to beginning the endorsement; they must be admitted into the Special Education program before enrolling in C&I 457. The last semester is a professional block including focused course work for five weeks preceding the internship experience, and is done after regular student teaching or teaching experience in an elementary, middle, or secondary school setting.

Secondary Option in Business and Information Technology Education:

Candidates for certification/licensure in business and information technology education must complete the following:

1. Meet the requirements for a baccalaureate degree in Education by completing a minimum of 30 credits in Curriculum and Instruction courses.
2. Meet the requirements for business and information technology education listed in this catalog.
3. The Upper-division Writing Expectation must be met by successfully completing an upper-division writing course from the approved list in the Academic Policies and Procedures section of this catalog. See index. C&I 352E will satisfy this requirement.

A marketing education endorsement is available for students who complete a business and information technology education major. Course requirements are listed under the marketing education endorsement section of this catalog. Students may concurrently complete a business and information technology education major and complete the course requirements for a marketing education endorsement.

A non teaching option in office systems management is also available. For details of this program, contact an advisor in business and information technology education.

Requirements for Non-Teaching Minors back to top

Library-Media Services

To complete a non teaching minor in library media services, the student must complete the following courses:

	Credits
C&I 479 Reference, Media Skills and Technology	3
C&I 480 Collection Development and the Curriculum	4
C&I 483 Library Media Technical Processes	3
C&I 484 Administration and Assessment of Library Media Programs	3
C&I 598 Library Media Practicum	6
Electives chosen in consultation with advisor	6

Office Systems Management

To earn a non teaching minor in office systems management the student must complete the following courses:

	Credits
BADM 201 Financial Accounting	3
BADM 257 Business Law	3
BADM 340S Management and Organizational Behavior	3
C&I 183 Integrated Software Applications	3
C&I 187 Business Communications	3
C&I 280 Business Technology and Information Design	3
C&I 442 Administrative Management and Supervision	3
CS 487 Network System Administration	3
ECON 111S Introduction to Microeconomics	3
Total Credits	27

Course Requirements for Major and Minor Teaching Fields

Students who wish to qualify for the Montana secondary teaching certificate/license must, according to the regulations of the State Office of Public Instruction which were in effect when this catalog was printed, complete requirements for a major teaching field (30 or more credits, depending on the field) and a minor teaching field (20 or more credits, depending on the field) in areas commonly taught in high schools. In the event that the Montana Office of Public Instruction changes the program standards of major and minor teaching fields, the University reserves the right to modify the requirements listed for them.

Art

Grades K-12. Qualifies as a single-field endorsement.

For an endorsement in the extended major teaching field of Art, a student must complete the requirements for a Bachelor of Arts with a major in Fine Arts with an Art Education option (see the Department of Art section in this catalog and below). Individuals holding a baccalaureate degree must meet those requirements by completing the courses or demonstrate course equivalency.

	Maj.
ART 123A Drawing Fundamentals	3
ART 125A Color and Design	3
ART 135A Three Dimensional Fundamentals	3
ART 150L 151L Art of Western Civilization	6
ART 203 Introduction to Art Criticism	3
ART 215A Photography I	3
ART 223 Drawing I	3
ART 229A Ceramics I	3
ART 231A, 232A, 233A, 234A Printmaking (choose one)	3
ART 235 Sculpture I	3
ART 240A Painting I	3
ART 323 Drawing II	3
ART 407-408 Teaching K-12 Art	6
DAN 427 Teaching Creative Movement	3
FA 365 Arts in Culture	3
ART upper-division studio courses	9
ART upper-division art history courses	6
ART upper-division art criticism	3
Total Credits	69

Biology back to top

Grades 5-12. Qualifies as a single-field endorsement.

For an endorsement in the extended major teaching field of Biology a student must complete the requirements for the B.A. with a major in Biology, option in Biological Education (see the Biology section of this catalog and below). Individuals holding a baccalaureate degree must meet these requirements by completing the courses listed below or demonstrate course equivalency.

For endorsements in the minor teaching field of Biology, a student must complete the courses in the minor teaching field listed below or demonstrate course equivalency.

	Maj.	Min.
BIOL 101N-102N Principles of Biology and Laboratory	4	4
BIOL 103N-104N Diversity of Life	5	5
BIOL 221 Cell and Molecular Biology	4	4
BIOL 223 Genetics and Evolution	4	4
BIOL 301 Developmental Biology or BIOL 345 Principles of Physiology	3	-
BIOL 340 341 Ecology and Laboratory	5	5
BIOL 444 Plant Physiology	4	-
MICB 300 301 General Microbiology and Laboratory	5	5
C&I 426 Teaching Science in Middle and Secondary Schools	3	3
MATH 150 or 152 Calculus	4	4
MATH 241 Statistics	4	4
CHEM 151N 152N, 154N General and Inorganicand Organic and Biological Chemistry and Laboratory (major only)	8	6
CHEM 485 Laboratory Safety	1	1
PHYS 121N General Physics I	5	-
GEOL 109N Environmental Geoscience or 301 Environmental Geology	2-3	2-3
Total Credits	61-62	47-48

A biology major qualifies as a single-field endorsement. Although not required, it is recommended that students complete a second teaching major or minor.

Business and Information Technology Education

Grades 5-12. Qualifies as a single-field endorsement.

	Maj.	Min.
COMM 111A Introduction to Public Speaking	2	-
BADM 201 Financial Accounting	3	3
BADM 202 Managerial Accounting	3	-
BADM 257 Business Law	3	3
BADM 270 Quantitative Business Applications	3	-
BADM 322 Business Finance	3	-
BADM 340S Management and Organizational Behavior	3	-
BADM 341 Operations Management	3	-
BADM 360 Marketing Principles	3	-
BADM 445 Small Business Management and Strategic Planning, or 446 Strategic Management or 448 Management Game	3	-
C&I 183 Integrated Software Applications	3	3
C&I 187 Business Communications	3	3
C&I 280 Business Technology & Information Design	3	3
C&I 352E Ethics and Consumer Economics	3	-
C&I 429 Teaching Business Subjects	4	4
C&I 442 Administrative Management and Supervision	3	3
C&I 443 Philosophy and Procedures of Career and Technical Education	3	3
C&I 444 Advanced Technology and Supervision	3	-
CS 487 Network System Administration	3	3
ECON 111S Introduction to Microeconomics	3	3
ECON 112S Introduction to Macroeconomics	3	-
MATH 117 Probability and Linear Math	3	-
MATH 241 Business Statistics	3	-
Total Credits	69	31

Marketing Education Endorsement

(Must have completed the Business and Information Technology Education Teaching Major.)

BADM 360 Marketing Principles	3
C&I 352E Ethics and Consumer Economics	3
ECON 112S Introduction to Macroeconomics	3
MATH 241 Statistics	4
MATH 117 Probability and Linear Mathematics	3
Total Credits	16

Chemistry back to top

Grades 5-12. Qualifies as a single-field endorsement.

For an endorsement in the major teaching field of Chemistry, a student must complete the requirements for the B.A. with a major in Chemistry, with appropriate electives, and with the addition of CHEM 485. A student also must complete MATH 241, BIOL 380, C&I 426 and SCI 350 (see the Department of Chemistry section of this catalog and below). The foreign language requirement is waived by the Department of Chemistry for students using the B.A. degree for teacher certification. Individuals holding a baccalaureate degree must meet these requirements by completing the courses listed below or demonstrate course equivalency.

For endorsement in the minor teaching field of Chemistry, a student must complete the courses in the minor teaching field listed below or demonstrate course equivalency.

	Maj.	Min.
CHEM 101N Chemistry for the Consumer	-	3
CHEM 161N 162N College Chemistry and Laboratory	10	10
CHEM 221 222 223 Organic Chemistry and Laboratory	-	8
CHEM 221, 222, 223, 264 (or 224 in place of 264) Organic Chemistry and Laboratory	10	-
CHEM 334 Chemistry Literature and Scientific Writing	3	-
CHEM 370 Applied Physical Chemistry or 371 Physical Chemistry	-	3-4
CHEM 371-372 Physical Chemistry	8	-
CHEM 341 Quantitative Analysis Instrumental Methods	4	4
CHEM 342 Instrumental Analysis and Physical Measurements	4	-
CHEM 452-453 Inorganic Chemistry	6	-
CHEM 485 Laboratory Safety	1	1
CHEM 494 Undergraduate Chemistry Seminar	1	-
BIOC 380 Fundamentals of Biochemistry	4	4
CS 172 Computer Modeling	3	3
MATH 152, 153, and 251 Calculus I, II, and III	12	-
MATH 152 Calculus I	-	4
MATH 241 Statistics	4	4
PHYS 221N-222N General Physics	10	-
PHYS 121N-122N General Physics	-	10
SCI 350 Environmental Perspectives	2	2
C&I 426 Teaching Science in Middle & Secondary Schools	3	3
Total Credits	85	59

A chemistry major qualifies as a single-field endorsement. Although not required, it is recommended that students complete a second teaching major or minor.

Computer Science

Grades 5-12. Minor only.

For an endorsement in the minor teaching field of Computer Science, a student must complete the courses in the minor teaching field as listed in the Department of Computer Science section of this catalog and listed below or demonstrate course equivalency.

	Min.
CS 101 Intro to Computer Programming	3
CS 131 132 Fundamentals of CS I, II	6
CS 171 Communicating with Computers	3
CS 172 Introduction to Computer Modeling	3
CS 331 Data Structures	3
CS 401 Computer Science for Teachers	3
CS 487 Network System Administration	3
MATH 152-153 Calculus I, II	8
MATH 225 Discrete Mathematics	3
MATH 241 Statistics	4
Total Credits	39

Drama back to top

Grades 5-12. Does not qualify as a single field endorsement.

For an endorsement in the major teaching field of Drama, a student must complete the requirements for the B.A. with a major in Fine Arts with a Drama Education Option (see the Department of Drama/Dance section of this catalog and below). Individuals holding a baccalaureate degree must meet these requirements by completing the courses listed below or demonstrate course equivalency.

For an endorsement in the minor teaching field of Drama, a student must complete the courses for the minor teaching field listed below or demonstrate course equivalency.

	Maj.	Min.
DRAM 103A Introduction to Theatre Design	3	3
DRAM 106A Theatre Production I: Running Crew	1	1
DRAM 107 Theatre Production I: Construction Crew	3	3
DRAM 203 Stagecraft II	3	3
DRAM 210-211 Voice and Speech I, II	4	-
DRAM 214 215 Acting I, II	6	6
DRAM 220L Dramatic Literature I (Script Analysis)	3	3
DRAM 244 Stage Makeup	2	-
DRAM 320-321 Theatre History I, II	6	-
DRAM 379 Introduction to Directing	3	3
DRAM 402 Methods of Teaching Theatre	2	2
FA 365L The Arts in Culture	3	-
Total Credits	39	24

The demand for teaching in this field is limited. The required second endorsement (either a teaching major or teaching minor) should be in a field in high demand.

Earth Science

Grades 5-12. Major only. Does not qualify as a single field endorsement.

For an endorsement in the major teaching field of Earth Science, a student must complete the requirements for the B.S. with a major in Geology, Earth Science Education option (see the Department of Geology section of this catalog and below). Individuals holding a baccalaureate degree must meet these requirements by completing the courses listed below or demonstrate course equivalency.

	Maj.
GEOL 100N-101N General Geology	3
GEOL 105N Oceanography	2
GEOL 130 Introductory Field Geology and Maps	3
GEOL 226 Mineralogy and Petrology	4
GEOL 301 Environmental Geology	3
GEOL 310 Invertebrate Paleontology	3
GEOL 330 Structural Geology	3
GEOL any course numbered 100 or above	3
GEOL any course numbered 300 or above	12
GEOG 330N Meteorology	3
ASTR 131N-132N Elementary Astronomy	6
MATH 121 Precalculus	4
MATH 341 Introduction to Probability and Statistics	3
CS 172 Introduction to Computer Modeling or equivalent	3
C&I 426 Teaching Science in Middle and Secondary Schools	3
BIOL 121N 122N Introductory Ecology and Laboratory or CHEM 151N 152N General Chemistry or Phys 121N 122N General Physics	4-10
CHEM 485 Laboratory Safety	1
Total Credits	63-69

The demand for teaching in this field is limited. The required second endorsement (either a teaching major or teaching minor) should be in a field in high demand.

Economics back to top

Grades 5-12. Does not qualify as a single field endorsement.

For an endorsement in the major teaching field of Economics, a student must complete the requirements for the B.A. with a major in Economics (see the Department of Economics section of this catalog and below). Individuals holding a baccalaureate degree must meet these requirements by completing the courses listed below or demonstrate course equivalency.

For an endorsement in the minor teaching field of Economics, a student must complete the courses in the minor teaching field listed below or demonstrate course equivalency.

	Maj.	Min.
ECON 111S-112S Introductionto Micro and Macro Economics	6	6
ECON 304 Public Finance: Expenditures	3	3
ECON 311 Intermediate Microeconomics	3	3
ECON 313 Intermediate Macroeconomics	3	3
ECON 317 Money and Banking	3	3
ECON 323 Labor Economics	3	3
ECON 460 Econometrics	3	-
Economics electives	6	-
ECON 487 Senior Seminar	2	-
C&I 428 Teaching Social Studies in Middle and Secondary Schools	3	3
MATH 117, 150 or 152 153 Probability, Linear Math, Applied Calculus OR Calculus I, II	7-8	-
MATH 241 Statistics	4	-
Total Credits	47	24

The demand for teaching in this field is limited. The second endorsement (either teaching major or teaching minor) should be in a field in high demand.

English

Grades 5-12. Qualifies as a single-field endorsement.

For an endorsement in the extended major teaching field of English, a student must complete the requirements for the B.A. with a major in English, English Teaching option (see the Department of English section of this catalog and below). Individuals holding a baccalaureate degree must meet these requirements by completing the courses listed below or demonstrate course equivalency.

For an endorsement in the minor teaching field of English, a student must complete the courses in the minor teaching field listed below or demonstrate course equivalent.

	Maj.	Min.
ENLT 223L British Literature	3	3
ENLT 224L and 225L American Literature	6	6
ENLT 301 Applied Literary Criticism	3	3
ENLT 320 Shakespeare	3	3
One course in poetry chosen from ENLT 121L, 222L,or ENCR 211A	3	3
One course emphasizing American literature, chosen from:
ENLT 321, 322, 323, 324, 325	3	3
One course chosen from ENLT 321, 32