Words and attitudes matter when supporting and embracing disability inclusion. Learn about terminology, identity-first versus person-first language, and implicit biases.

Use the word disability

Use the word disability as this term is nothing to shame of. Avoid offensive phrases such as special needs, handicapped, challenged, wheelchair-bound, and able-bodied.

For additional terminology guidance in disability-related terms, visit the Disability Language Style Guide by the National Center on Disability and Journalism.

Identity-first versus person-first language

For many years, person-first language (i.e., people with a disability) was recommended in the United States. However, many disability communities identify as identify-first (i.e., disabled person, disabled veteran, autistic, blind, deaf). Following our professional organization’s guidance, ODE uses identify-first language. We also use person-first language interchangeably to respect those who prefer person-first language. As a good practice, ask an individual about their preference.

Association on Higher Education and Disability (AHEAD) Statement on Language (Word Download)

Attitude: Implicit Biases

Cognitive biases are common. Implicit biases hurt and exclude people with disabilities. Raise awareness of implicit biases to minimize attitudinal barriers. We’ve found web resources that foster your awareness that influences teaching and interaction on Implicit Biases Awareness.